Straddling and/or overriding mitral valve is a congenital heart defect in which the mitral valve does not close properly. This can cause blood to flow in both directions between the left atrium and left ventricle, leading to a decrease in the amount of oxygenated blood that is pumped to the rest of the body. This can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and chest pain. Treatment for this condition typically involves surgery to repair the valve.

The symptoms of straddling and/or overriding mitral valve include shortness of breath, chest pain, palpitations, fatigue, and dizziness. In some cases, patients may also experience a rapid or irregular heartbeat, coughing, and swelling in the legs and feet.

1. Congenital heart defects: Straddling and/or overriding mitral valve can be caused by a congenital heart defect, such as a ventricular septal defect (VSD) or an atrial septal defect (ASD).

2. Rheumatic fever: Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can damage the heart valves, leading to straddling and/or overriding mitral valve.

3. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a condition in which the heart muscle becomes thickened, leading to straddling and/or overriding mitral valve.

4. Coronary artery disease: Coronary artery disease can cause the heart muscle to become weak, leading to straddling and/or overriding mitral valve.

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1. Medication: Medications such as beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics can be used to reduce the symptoms of straddling and/or overriding mitral valve.

2. Surgery: Surgery is the most common treatment for straddling and/or overriding mitral valve. The goal of surgery is to repair or replace the valve. This may involve repairing the valve leaflets, replacing the valve with a mechanical or tissue valve, or implanting a ring around the valve to reduce the amount of straddling or overriding.

3. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair: Transcatheter mitral valve repair is a minimally invasive procedure that can be used to repair the valve without open-heart surgery. This procedure involves inserting a catheter into the heart and using a device to repair the valve.

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1. Congenital heart defects
2. Mitral valve prolapse
3. Rheumatic heart disease
4. Coronary artery disease
5. Hypertension
6. Diabetes
7. Age
8. Obesity
9. Smoking
10. Family history of heart disease

Straddling and overriding mitral valve are both congenital heart defects that cannot be cured. However, medications can be used to help manage the symptoms. These medications may include diuretics to reduce fluid buildup, beta-blockers to reduce the heart rate, and ACE inhibitors to reduce blood pressure. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the valve.