The symptoms of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis are similar and include:

-Fever

-Sore throat

-Cough

-Rash that spreads and forms blisters

-Red or purplish spots on the skin

-Painful eyes

-Sensitivity to light

-Mouth sores

-Swollen lips and tongue

-Peeling skin

-Fatigue

-Nausea and vomiting

-Diarrhea

-Joint pain

-Difficulty breathing

-Confusion

The exact cause of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) is unknown, but they are believed to be caused by an abnormal reaction to certain medications, infections, or other triggers. Common medications that can cause SJS and TEN include antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anticonvulsants, and sulfonamides. Infections such as HIV, herpes simplex virus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae have also been linked to SJS and TEN. Other potential triggers include radiation therapy, certain types of cancer, and certain types of immunizations.

The treatment for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is primarily supportive care. This includes:

• Intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration

• Pain relief medications

• Antibiotics to prevent or treat infection

• Steroids to reduce inflammation

• Eye drops or ointment to prevent eye damage

• Nutritional support

• Wound care to prevent infection and promote healing

• Close monitoring of vital signs

• Close monitoring of skin for signs of infection or further blistering

• Close monitoring of the eyes for signs of infection or further damage

• Close monitoring of the lungs for signs of infection

• Close monitoring of the kidneys for signs of infection or damage

• Close monitoring of the liver for signs of infection

The risk factors for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis include:

1. Certain medications, such as antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anticonvulsants, and sulfonamides.

2. Infections, such as HIV, herpes simplex virus, and Mycoplasma pneumonia.

3. Allergies to certain foods, such as eggs, nuts, and shellfish.

4. Certain medical conditions, such as lupus, HIV, and cancer.

5. Age, as it is more common in children and the elderly.

6. Genetics, as it is more common in certain ethnic groups.

7. Exposure to certain chemicals, such as formaldehyde and phenol.

Yes, there are treatments available for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis. Treatment typically involves supportive care, such as intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and pain medications. In some cases, corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation. In severe cases, immunosuppressant medications may be used to reduce the body's immune response. In addition, medications to reduce itching and blistering may be prescribed.