Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) is a rare type of vascular birthmark that typically appears as a bright red or purple patch on the skin. It is composed of a collection of small, dilated blood vessels and is usually present at birth or shortly after. RICH is known to rapidly involute, or shrink, over the first few months of life. Treatment is usually not necessary, as the lesion will usually resolve on its own.

The symptoms of rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma vary depending on the size and location of the tumor. Common symptoms include:

-A raised, red, or purple birthmark

-A lump or bump on the skin

-Itching or Pain in the area

-Bleeding or oozing from the birthmark

-A rapid decrease in size of the birthmark over time

-Fever

-Fatigue

-Loss of appetite

-Weight loss

The exact cause of rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma is unknown. However, some experts believe that it may be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is thought that certain genetic mutations may cause the abnormal growth of blood vessels in the skin, leading to the formation of a hemangioma. Additionally, environmental factors such as exposure to certain medications, hormones, or toxins may also play a role in the development of this condition.

1. Intralesional corticosteroid injections
2. Laser therapy
3. Surgical excision
4. Systemic corticosteroids
5. Interferon alfa-2b
6. Vincristine
7. Propranolol

1. Premature birth
2. Low birth weight
3. Female gender
4. Caucasian race
5. Family history of congenital hemangioma
6. Maternal smoking during pregnancy
7. Maternal use of certain medications during pregnancy, such as anticonvulsants, anticoagulants, and corticosteroids
8. Maternal diabetes
9. Maternal hypertension
10. Maternal obesity

At this time, there is no known cure for rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma. However, medications such as corticosteroids, interferon alfa, and vincristine may be used to help reduce the size of the hemangioma and reduce the risk of complications. Additionally, laser therapy may be used to reduce the size of the hemangioma.