Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection (NTM) is an infection caused by a type of bacteria called mycobacteria. These bacteria can cause a wide range of symptoms, including coughing, chest pain, fever, and shortness of breath. NTM infections are most common in people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, but can also affect people with healthy immune systems. Treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics and other medications.

Symptoms of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection can include:

-Persistent cough
-Shortness of breath
-Chest pain
-Fatigue
-Fever
-Weight loss
-Night sweats
-Coughing up blood or sputum
-Wheezing
-Loss of appetite

The exact cause of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by inhalation of airborne mycobacteria, which can be found in soil, water, and dust. Other potential causes include contact with infected animals, exposure to contaminated water, and weakened immune systems.

Treatment for pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection typically involves a combination of antibiotics. The most commonly used antibiotics are macrolides, such as clarithromycin, and rifamycins, such as rifampin. Other antibiotics that may be used include aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides. In some cases, a combination of two or more antibiotics may be used. In addition to antibiotics, other treatments may include corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and oxygen therapy. Surgery may also be necessary in some cases.

1. Chronic lung disease, such as COPD, asthma, cystic fibrosis, and bronchiectasis
2. Weakened immune system due to HIV/AIDS, organ transplant, or chemotherapy
3. Exposure to contaminated water or soil
4. Smoking
5. Recent surgery or hospitalization
6. Age (more common in adults over 65)
7. Living in a nursing home or other long-term care facility
8. Exposure to certain birds, such as parrots, pigeons, and ducks

Yes, there are medications available to treat pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection. These medications include antibiotics such as clarithromycin, azithromycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and rifampin. In some cases, a combination of antibiotics may be used. In addition, other treatments such as immunotherapy and surgery may be recommended.