Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) is a rare, chronic, progressive liver disease that affects the bile ducts. It is characterized by inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts, which can lead to blockages and damage to the liver. Symptoms of PSC can include jaundice, fatigue, itching, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Treatment options include medications, dietary changes, and surgery.

The most common symptoms of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) include:

-Fatigue
-Itching
-Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
-Abdominal pain
-Loss of appetite
-Weight loss
-Fever
-Nausea and vomiting
-Dark urine
-Light-colored stools
-Enlarged liver or spleen
-Diarrhea
-Right upper quadrant pain
-Right shoulder pain
-Flu-like symptoms

The exact cause of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is unknown. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, meaning the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the bile ducts. Other possible causes include genetic factors, environmental factors, and infections.

The primary treatment for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is to manage the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Treatment options may include:

1. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA): This medication helps to reduce inflammation in the bile ducts and improve bile flow.

2. Antibiotics: Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat any infections that may be present in the bile ducts.

3. Immunosuppressants: These medications can help to reduce inflammation and slow the progression of the disease.

4. Liver transplant: In some cases, a liver transplant may be necessary to treat PSC.

5. Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to remove any blockages in the bile ducts.

1. Male gender
2. Age (most commonly diagnosed between ages 15-40)
3. Family history of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (especially Ulcerative Colitis)
5. Autoimmune disorders such as Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Sjogren's Syndrome
6. Exposure to certain toxins or medications
7. Genetic mutations, such as those in the MDR3 gene

There is no cure for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. Medications used to treat PSC include ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), antibiotics, immunosuppressants, and corticosteroids. Liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment for PSC.