Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam (PDC) is a neurological disorder that was first identified in the 1950s among the indigenous Chamorro people of Guam. It is characterized by a combination of Parkinson's disease-like symptoms, such as tremors, rigidity, and difficulty walking, as well as dementia-like symptoms, such as memory loss, confusion, and difficulty with language. PDC is believed to be caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors, and is thought to be linked to the consumption of a neurotoxin found in the cycad plant, which is native to Guam.

The symptoms of Parkinson-Dementia complex of Guam include:

• Progressive dementia
• Motor impairment, including difficulty walking, tremor, and rigidity
• Loss of speech
• Loss of memory
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Visual disturbances
• Seizures
• Difficulty swallowing
• Urinary incontinence
• Impaired judgment
• Hallucinations
• Delusions
• Aggression
• Sleep disturbances

The cause of Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam is unknown, but it is believed to be related to environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins in the environment, dietary deficiencies, and genetic predisposition. It is also believed that the disease may be linked to a combination of environmental and genetic factors.

The treatments for Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam include medications to manage symptoms, physical and occupational therapy, speech therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Medications used to treat Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam include levodopa, dopamine agonists, anticholinergics, and MAO-B inhibitors. Physical and occupational therapy can help improve mobility, balance, and coordination. Speech therapy can help improve communication and swallowing. Lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress management can also help manage symptoms.

1. Age: The risk of developing Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam increases with age.

2. Genetics: People with a family history of the disorder are at higher risk of developing it.

3. Exposure to environmental toxins: Exposure to environmental toxins, such as pesticides, has been linked to an increased risk of developing Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam.

4. Diet: A diet high in refined carbohydrates and low in fruits and vegetables has been linked to an increased risk of developing Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam.

5. Head trauma: Head trauma, such as a concussion, has been linked to an increased risk of developing Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam.

At this time, there is no known cure for Parkinson-dementia complex of Guam. However, medications can be used to help manage the symptoms of the condition. These medications include cholinesterase inhibitors, dopamine agonists, and anticholinergics. Additionally, physical and occupational therapy, speech therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy can help to improve quality of life.