Orbital leiomyoma is a rare, benign tumor of the smooth muscle cells that can occur in the orbit of the eye. It is usually asymptomatic and is often discovered incidentally during imaging studies. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor.

The most common symptom of orbital leiomyoma is proptosis, or bulging of the eye. Other symptoms may include double vision, pain, and vision loss. In some cases, the tumor may cause the eyelid to droop or the eye to appear sunken.

The exact cause of orbital leiomyoma is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to genetic factors, as the condition is more common in certain families. Other possible causes include environmental factors, such as exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, and hormonal imbalances.

The primary treatment for orbital leiomyoma is surgical excision. Depending on the size and location of the tumor, the surgery may be done through an open incision or endoscopically. In some cases, radiation therapy may be used to shrink the tumor before surgery. In rare cases, chemotherapy may be used to treat the tumor.

1. Age: Orbital leiomyomas are most commonly seen in adults between the ages of 40 and 60.

2. Gender: Women are more likely to develop orbital leiomyomas than men.

3. Family history: Having a family history of leiomyomas increases the risk of developing an orbital leiomyoma.

4. Ethnicity: African Americans are more likely to develop orbital leiomyomas than other ethnicities.

5. Exposure to radiation: Exposure to radiation, such as X-rays, can increase the risk of developing an orbital leiomyoma.

There is no known cure for orbital leiomyoma. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor. In some cases, medications such as corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation and swelling.