Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is a rare disorder that affects the lungs of infants. It is characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of neuroendocrine cells in the airways of the lungs. These cells produce hormones and other substances that can cause breathing problems, including wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing. In some cases, NEHI can lead to respiratory failure and even death. Treatment typically involves medications to reduce inflammation and open the airways, as well as supplemental oxygen and other supportive care.

The symptoms of Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) include:

-Difficulty breathing
-Wheezing
-Coughing
-Rapid breathing
-Retractions (sucking in of the skin between the ribs when breathing)
-Grunting
-Bluish discoloration of the skin (cyanosis)
-Poor weight gain
-Failure to thrive
-Excessive sweating
-Frequent respiratory infections
-Excessive sleepiness
-Lethargy
-Poor appetite
-Vomiting
-Diarrhea
-Abdominal distention
-Excessive drooling
-Difficulty feeding
-Excessive crying

The exact cause of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is unknown. However, some researchers believe that it may be caused by a genetic mutation or a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Other possible causes include exposure to certain toxins, infections, and certain medications.

1. Antibiotic therapy: Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat any underlying bacterial infections that may be causing the neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy.

2. Corticosteroids: Corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and help reduce the size of the affected area.

3. Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to remove any affected tissue or to repair any damage caused by the condition.

4. Immunosuppressants: Immunosuppressants may be prescribed to help reduce the body’s immune response to the condition.

5. Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy may be prescribed to help regulate the body’s hormones and reduce the symptoms of the condition.

6. Dietary changes: Dietary changes may be necessary to help reduce the symptoms of the condition.

1. Prematurity
2. Low birth weight
3. Male gender
4. Family history of the condition
5. Exposure to certain medications or toxins
6. Genetic mutations or chromosomal abnormalities
7. Immune system dysfunction
8. Exposure to certain viruses or bacteria

At this time, there is no known cure for neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy. Treatment typically involves supportive care and medications to manage symptoms. Medications may include anticonvulsants, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to remove the affected tissue.