Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) is an inherited disorder that affects the endocrine system. It is characterized by the development of tumors in the parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreas glands. These tumors can cause a variety of symptoms, including high calcium levels, diabetes, and hormone imbalances. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the tumors, as well as medications to control hormone levels.

The most common symptoms of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) include:

-Hyperparathyroidism (high levels of calcium in the blood)
-Gastrinoma (tumors in the stomach that produce too much gastrin hormone)
-Pituitary tumors (tumors in the pituitary gland that can cause hormone imbalances)
-Adrenal tumors (tumors in the adrenal glands that can cause hormone imbalances)
-Thyroid tumors (tumors in the thyroid gland that can cause hormone imbalances)
-Pancreatic tumors (tumors in the pancreas that can cause digestive problems)
-Facial angiofibromas (benign tumors on the face)
-Lipomas (ben

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) is caused by a mutation in the MEN1 gene. This gene is responsible for producing a protein that helps regulate the activity of certain hormones in the body. The mutation in the MEN1 gene can be inherited from a parent or can occur spontaneously.

The primary treatment for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) is surgery to remove the affected endocrine glands. This may include removal of the parathyroid glands, the pancreas, and the pituitary gland. In some cases, medications may be prescribed to help control hormone levels. Radiation therapy may also be used to treat tumors in the pancreas or pituitary gland. In some cases, hormone replacement therapy may be necessary to replace hormones that are no longer being produced.

The primary risk factor for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) is an inherited genetic mutation in the MEN1 gene. This gene mutation is passed down from parent to child. Other risk factors include a family history of MEN1, being of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, and having a personal history of certain types of tumors.

There is no cure for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1). Treatment focuses on managing the symptoms and preventing complications. Medications may be prescribed to reduce the production of hormones, reduce the size of tumors, and reduce the risk of complications. Surgery may also be used to remove tumors or affected glands.