About Moyamoya Disease

What is Moyamoy Disease?

Moyamoya disease is a rare, progressive cerebrovascular disorder caused by blocked arteries at the base of the brain. It is characterized by the formation of tiny vessels at the base of the brain in an effort to compensate for the blocked arteries. Symptoms of Moyamoya disease include stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), seizures, and headaches. Treatment typically involves surgery to improve blood flow to the brain.

What are the symptoms of Moyamoy Disease?

Common symptoms of Moyamoya Disease include:

- Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or mini-strokes
- Weakness or Numbness in the face, arm, or leg
- Headaches
- Vision changes
- Seizures
- Speech difficulties
- Dizziness
- Unusual fatigue
- Unusual behavior
- Loss of balance
- Difficulty with coordination

What are the causes of Moyamoy Disease?

Moyamoya disease is a rare, progressive cerebrovascular disorder caused by blocked arteries at the base of the brain. The exact cause of Moyamoya disease is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some of the potential causes include:

• Genetic predisposition: Certain genetic mutations have been linked to an increased risk of developing Moyamoya disease.

• Radiation exposure: Exposure to radiation, such as during cancer treatment, has been linked to an increased risk of developing Moyamoya disease.

• Infections: Certain infections, such as mumps, have been linked to an increased risk of developing Moyamoya disease.

• Autoimmune disorders: Certain autoimmune disorders, such as lupus, have been linked to an increased risk of developing Moyamoya disease.

What are the treatments for Moyamoy Disease?

The primary treatment for Moyamoya Disease is a surgical procedure called revascularization. This procedure involves connecting healthy arteries from other parts of the body to the affected area of the brain to increase blood flow. Other treatments may include medications to reduce the risk of stroke, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes. In some cases, a stent may be placed in the affected artery to keep it open.

What are the risk factors for Moyamoy Disease?

1. Genetic predisposition: Moyamoya Disease is more common in certain ethnic groups, including people of Japanese, Korean, and Chinese descent.

2. Age: Moyamoya Disease is most commonly diagnosed in children between the ages of 5 and 10, but can also occur in adults.

3. Gender: Females are more likely to be affected by Moyamoya Disease than males.

4. Other medical conditions: People with Down Syndrome, neurofibromatosis, and other genetic disorders are at an increased risk of developing Moyamoya Disease.

5. Radiation exposure: People who have been exposed to radiation, such as those who have had radiation therapy for cancer, are at an increased risk of developing Moyamoya Disease.

Is there a cure/medications for Moyamoy Disease?

There is no cure for Moyamoya Disease, but medications can be used to help manage symptoms. These medications include anticoagulants (blood thinners) to reduce the risk of stroke, antiplatelet drugs to reduce the risk of blood clots, and vasodilators to improve blood flow to the brain. Surgery may also be recommended to improve blood flow to the brain.