About Meesmann corneal dystrophy

What is Meesmann corneal dystrophy?

Meesmann corneal dystrophy is a rare, inherited disorder of the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye. It is characterized by the presence of small, round, gray-white spots on the cornea, which can cause vision problems. The spots are caused by the buildup of a protein called keratin in the cornea. Symptoms usually begin in childhood and can worsen over time. Treatment typically involves the use of eye drops or ointments to reduce inflammation and improve vision.

What are the symptoms of Meesmann corneal dystrophy?

The primary symptom of Meesmann corneal dystrophy is the presence of small, round, gray-white spots on the cornea. These spots are usually located in the central part of the cornea and can be seen with the naked eye. Other symptoms may include blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and eye irritation. In some cases, the spots may become larger and more numerous over time, leading to further vision problems.

What are the causes of Meesmann corneal dystrophy?

Meesmann corneal dystrophy is an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the KRT12 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called keratin 12, which is found in the cells that make up the outer layer of the cornea (the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye). Mutations in the KRT12 gene lead to the production of an abnormal keratin 12 protein, which disrupts the structure of the cornea and causes the signs and symptoms of Meesmann corneal dystrophy.

What are the treatments for Meesmann corneal dystrophy?

1. Artificial tears: Artificial tears can help to lubricate the eyes and reduce discomfort.

2. Corneal transplant: A corneal transplant may be recommended if the condition is severe and causing vision problems.

3. Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK): PTK is a procedure that uses a laser to remove the abnormal cells from the cornea.

4. Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL): CXL is a procedure that uses ultraviolet light and riboflavin to strengthen the cornea and reduce the progression of the condition.

5. Corneal graft: A corneal graft may be recommended if the condition is severe and causing vision problems.

What are the risk factors for Meesmann corneal dystrophy?

1. Genetic predisposition: Meesmann corneal dystrophy is an inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the KRT12 gene.

2. Age: The condition usually appears in childhood or adolescence.

3. Gender: Meesmann corneal dystrophy is more common in females than males.

4. Ethnicity: The condition is more common in people of European descent.

Is there a cure/medications for Meesmann corneal dystrophy?

At this time, there is no cure for Meesmann corneal dystrophy. However, there are medications that can help manage the symptoms. These include topical lubricants, artificial tears, and steroid eye drops. In some cases, a corneal transplant may be necessary to improve vision.