About Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis

What is Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis?

Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (LGT-FIC) is a rare inherited disorder that affects the liver. It is caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). This enzyme is responsible for breaking down certain proteins and fats in the body. When the enzyme is not functioning properly, it can lead to a buildup of bile acids in the liver, which can cause a variety of symptoms, including jaundice, itching, and fatigue. Treatment for LGT-FIC typically involves medications to reduce the amount of bile acids in the liver, as well as lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of complications.

What are the symptoms of Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis?

The symptoms of Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (LFIC) vary from person to person, but may include:

-Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
-Itching
-Dark urine
-Pale stools
-Abdominal pain
-Loss of appetite
-Weight loss
-Fatigue
-Nausea and vomiting
-Fever
-Enlarged liver or spleen
-Gallstones

What are the causes of Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis?

The exact cause of familial intrahepatic cholestasis (FIC) is unknown, but it is believed to be caused by a genetic mutation that affects the bile ducts in the liver. This mutation can lead to a decrease in the production of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme that helps break down bile acids. Low levels of GGT can lead to a buildup of bile acids in the liver, which can cause symptoms such as jaundice, itching, and fatigue.

What are the treatments for Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis?

1. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA): This is a bile acid that helps reduce the amount of bile acids in the liver and can help reduce symptoms of cholestasis.

2. Vitamin K: This vitamin helps to reduce the risk of bleeding due to low levels of clotting factors in the blood.

3. Liver transplant: In some cases, a liver transplant may be necessary to treat the condition.

4. Dietary changes: Eating a low-fat diet and avoiding alcohol can help reduce symptoms.

5. Medications: Certain medications, such as ursodiol, rifampin, and phenobarbital, may be prescribed to help reduce symptoms.

6. Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the affected portion of the liver.

What are the risk factors for Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis?

1. Genetic predisposition: Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis is an inherited disorder, so having a family history of the condition increases the risk of developing it.

2. Age: Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis is more common in children and young adults.

3. Gender: Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis is more common in males than females.

4. Ethnicity: Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis is more common in people of Asian descent.

5. Exposure to certain medications: Certain medications, such as antibiotics, can increase the risk of developing Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis.

Is there a cure/medications for Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis?

There is no cure for Low Gamma-GT Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (FIC). Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. Medications such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and rifampicin may be used to reduce the amount of bile acids in the blood and improve liver function. Other medications, such as cholestyramine, may be used to reduce itching. Liver transplantation may be recommended in severe cases.