Lattice corneal dystrophy type I (LCDI) is a rare, inherited eye disorder that affects the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye. It is characterized by the formation of a lattice-like pattern of gray-white lines in the cornea. These lines can cause vision problems, including blurred vision, glare, and light sensitivity. In some cases, the lines can lead to scarring and vision loss. Treatment for LCDI typically involves the use of eye drops or ointments to reduce inflammation and improve vision. In more severe cases, a corneal transplant may be necessary.

The most common symptoms of Lattice corneal dystrophy type I include:

-Decreased vision

-Sensitivity to light

-Blurred vision

-Halos around lights

-Eye irritation

-Pain

-Redness

-Corneal opacities (white spots)

-Corneal thinning

-Corneal scarring

Lattice corneal dystrophy type I is caused by a mutation in the TGFBI gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called keratoepithelin, which is found in the cornea (the clear outer layer of the eye). Mutations in this gene can cause the protein to be abnormally shaped, which can lead to the buildup of abnormal deposits in the cornea. This buildup can cause vision problems, including blurred vision, light sensitivity, and glare.

1. Corneal transplantation: This is the most effective treatment for Lattice corneal dystrophy type I. It involves replacing the affected corneal tissue with healthy donor tissue.

2. Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK): This procedure uses a laser to remove the abnormal tissue from the cornea.

3. Corneal collagen cross-linking: This procedure strengthens the cornea by increasing the number of collagen fibers in the cornea.

4. Intacs: This procedure involves inserting tiny plastic rings into the cornea to flatten it and improve vision.

5. Corneal grafting: This procedure involves replacing the affected corneal tissue with healthy donor tissue.

6. Corneal implants: This procedure involves implanting a device into the cornea

1. Age: Lattice corneal dystrophy type I typically presents in childhood or adolescence.

2. Gender: Lattice corneal dystrophy type I is more common in females than males.

3. Family history: Lattice corneal dystrophy type I is an inherited condition, so having a family history of the condition increases the risk of developing it.

4. Ethnicity: Lattice corneal dystrophy type I is more common in people of Ashkenazi Jewish descent.

There is currently no cure for Lattice corneal dystrophy type I. However, there are medications that can help manage the symptoms. These include topical lubricants, antibiotics, and corticosteroids. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to improve vision.