Idiopathic spontaneous coronary artery dissection (iSCAD) is a rare condition in which the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen-rich blood, spontaneously tear or rupture. This can lead to a heart attack or other serious complications. It is most common in women, especially those who are pregnant or have recently given birth. The exact cause of iSCAD is unknown, but it is thought to be related to changes in the structure of the artery wall. Treatment typically involves medications to reduce the risk of further complications and surgery to repair the artery.

The most common symptom of Idiopathic Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (ISCD) is chest pain. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, sweating, dizziness, and fatigue. In some cases, ISCD may cause a heart attack or sudden cardiac death.

The exact cause of idiopathic spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is unknown. However, some potential risk factors have been identified, including:

• Female gender
• Advanced age
• Hypertension
• Connective tissue disorders
• Smoking
• Cocaine use
• Pregnancy
• Stress
• Trauma
• Genetic predisposition

Treatment for idiopathic spontaneous coronary artery dissection (ISCD) typically involves a combination of medical and interventional therapies. Medical therapies may include antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and beta-blockers. Interventional therapies may include coronary angioplasty with stenting, atherectomy, and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In some cases, medical therapy alone may be sufficient to manage the condition.

1. Female gender
2. Young age
3. Hypertension
4. Connective tissue disorders
5. Pregnancy
6. Cocaine use
7. Oral contraceptive use
8. Smoking
9. Family history of SCAD
10. Atherosclerosis

At this time, there is no known cure for idiopathic spontaneous coronary artery dissection (ISCD). Treatment typically involves medications to reduce the risk of further complications, such as antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and beta-blockers. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the artery.