Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type IV (HSAN IV) is a rare inherited disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system. It is characterized by the progressive loss of sensation in the hands and feet, as well as autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Symptoms may include numbness, tingling, burning, and pain in the hands and feet, as well as difficulty regulating body temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate. HSAN IV is caused by mutations in the NTRK1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.

Symptoms of Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type IV can vary from person to person, but may include:

- Loss of sensation in the feet and hands
- Muscle weakness
- Loss of reflexes
- Abnormal sweating
- Abnormal blood pressure
- Abnormal heart rate
- Abnormal digestion
- Abnormal bladder and bowel function
- Difficulty walking
- Balance problems
- Painful sensations in the feet and hands
- Numbness in the feet and hands
- Burning or Tingling sensations in the feet and hands
- Muscle cramps
- Difficulty with coordination and fine motor skills

Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type IV (HSAN IV) is caused by mutations in the NTRK1 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 (TrkA). This protein is involved in the development and maintenance of nerve cells (neurons) in the peripheral nervous system, which is made up of all the nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. Mutations in the NTRK1 gene lead to a decrease in the amount of TrkA protein, which disrupts the development and maintenance of peripheral neurons. This can lead to the signs and symptoms of HSAN IV.

1. Pain management: Pain medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, and anticonvulsants, can help to reduce the pain associated with HSAN IV.

2. Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help to improve strength, balance, and coordination.

3. Occupational therapy: Occupational therapy can help to improve daily functioning and activities of daily living.

4. Assistive devices: Assistive devices, such as braces, canes, and walkers, can help to improve mobility.

5. Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to correct deformities or to improve mobility.

6. Gene therapy: Gene therapy is a promising treatment option for HSAN IV, but it is still in the early stages of development.

1. Family history of Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type IV
2. Genetic mutations in the SPTLC1 gene
3. Advanced age
4. Exposure to toxins or certain medications
5. Vitamin B12 deficiency
6. Diabetes
7. Alcoholism
8. Autoimmune diseases

There is no cure for Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type IV, but medications can be used to help manage symptoms. These medications may include anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and pain relievers. Physical therapy and lifestyle changes may also be recommended to help manage symptoms.