Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) is a benign condition that affects the jawbone. It is characterized by the formation of abnormal amounts of cementum and bone in the jawbone. This condition is most commonly seen in middle-aged women of African descent. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and loosening of the teeth. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the affected bone.

The most common symptom of Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is the presence of multiple, hard, bony lumps in the jawbone. These lumps may be painless, but can cause discomfort when eating or speaking. Other symptoms may include:

- Swelling of the jawbone

- Loosening of the teeth

- Difficulty opening the mouth

- Pain in the jaw

- Facial asymmetry

- Difficulty chewing

- Changes in the bite

- Changes in the shape of the face

The exact cause of Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some research suggests that FCOD may be caused by a mutation in the gene that controls the production of a protein called dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). Other possible causes include trauma, infection, and hormonal imbalances.

The treatment for Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is typically supportive and symptomatic. This includes regular dental check-ups and professional cleaning to prevent the formation of dental caries. If the condition is causing pain or discomfort, medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed. In some cases, surgical removal of the affected tissue may be necessary.

1. Age: Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is most commonly seen in individuals between the ages of 40 and 60.

2. Gender: Women are more likely to develop Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia than men.

3. Race: Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is more common in African-American and Hispanic populations.

4. Genetics: There is a genetic component to Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia, although the exact gene or genes involved are not yet known.

5. Trauma: Trauma to the jawbone can increase the risk of developing Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia.

There is no cure for Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia. Treatment is usually not necessary, as the condition is usually asymptomatic. However, if the condition is causing pain or other symptoms, medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and pain. Surgery may also be recommended to remove any affected bone or tissue.