Familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine is a rare type of migraine headache that is characterized by a severe headache, temporary paralysis on one side of the body, and other neurological symptoms. It is caused by a genetic mutation and can be inherited from a parent or occur spontaneously. Symptoms usually begin in childhood or adolescence and can last for several hours or days. Treatment typically involves medications to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks.

The symptoms of Familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine include:

-Headache with a throbbing or pulsing sensation, usually on one side of the head
-Nausea and vomiting
-Sensitivity to light and sound
-Visual disturbances, such as seeing flashing lights or zigzag lines
-Weakness or Numbness on one side of the body
-Speech difficulties
-Confusion
-Dizziness
-Loss of consciousness

The exact cause of familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine is unknown. However, research suggests that it may be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors may include mutations in certain genes that are involved in the regulation of calcium channels in the brain. Environmental factors may include exposure to certain triggers such as stress, certain foods, or changes in the weather.

1. Medication: Medications used to treat familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine include triptans, calcium channel blockers, anticonvulsants, and anti-inflammatory drugs.

2. Lifestyle Changes: Making lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers, getting enough sleep, and eating a healthy diet can help reduce the frequency and severity of attacks.

3. Botox Injections: Botox injections can be used to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks.

4. Surgery: Surgery may be recommended in some cases to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks.

5. Alternative Treatments: Alternative treatments such as acupuncture, massage, and biofeedback may be helpful in reducing the frequency and severity of attacks.

1. Family history of hemiplegic migraine
2. Female gender
3. Age of onset before 10 years
4. Presence of aura
5. Presence of motor weakness
6. Presence of sensory symptoms
7. Presence of ataxia
8. Presence of dysphasia
9. Presence of cognitive impairment
10. Presence of visual symptoms
11. Presence of vertigo
12. Presence of nausea and vomiting
13. Presence of photophobia
14. Presence of phonophobia
15. Presence of headache
16. Presence of abnormal EEG findings
17. Presence of abnormal MRI findings
18. Presence of abnormal CSF findings
19. Presence of abnormal blood tests
20. Presence of abnormal genetic testing

Yes, there are medications available to treat Familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine. These medications include triptans, calcium channel blockers, anticonvulsants, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Additionally, lifestyle modifications such as avoiding triggers, getting adequate sleep, and managing stress can help reduce the frequency and severity of attacks.