About Familial Mediterranean Fever

What is Familial Mediterranean Fever?

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an inherited autoinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and inflammation of the abdomen, chest, or joints. It is most common in people of Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Armenian descent. Symptoms typically begin in childhood and can include fever, abdominal pain, chest pain, joint pain, and rash. Treatment typically involves medications to reduce inflammation and prevent future episodes.

What are the symptoms of Familial Mediterranean Fever?

The main symptom of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is recurrent episodes of fever, usually lasting between one and four days. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, chest pain, joint pain, and a rash. In some cases, people with FMF may also experience fatigue, headache, and loss of appetite.

What are the causes of Familial Mediterranean Fever?

The exact cause of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is unknown. It is believed to be an inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the MEFV gene, which is responsible for producing a protein called pyrin. This protein helps regulate inflammation in the body. Mutations in the MEFV gene can cause the body to produce too much pyrin, leading to episodes of inflammation.

What are the treatments for Familial Mediterranean Fever?

The main treatment for Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is colchicine, a medication that helps reduce inflammation and prevent attacks. Other treatments may include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen, corticosteroids, and anakinra (a biologic medication). In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the inflamed tissue.

What are the risk factors for Familial Mediterranean Fever?

1. Ethnicity: Familial Mediterranean Fever is most common in people of Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and North African descent.

2. Age: The condition is most common in children and young adults.

3. Family history: Having a family member with Familial Mediterranean Fever increases the risk of developing the condition.

4. Gender: Familial Mediterranean Fever is more common in males than females.

Is there a cure/medications for Familial Mediterranean Fever?

Yes, there are medications available to treat Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). The most commonly used medications are colchicine and anakinra. Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory drug that helps reduce the frequency and severity of FMF attacks. Anakinra is a biologic drug that helps reduce inflammation and can be used to treat FMF attacks. Both medications can be used to prevent FMF attacks and reduce the risk of long-term complications.