About Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy

What is Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy?

Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD) is a rare eye disorder that affects the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye. It is caused by a genetic mutation that affects the basement membrane of the cornea, which is a thin layer of tissue that helps keep the cornea healthy. Symptoms of EBMD include blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and recurrent corneal erosions. Treatment for EBMD includes lubricating eye drops, antibiotics, and in some cases, corneal transplantation.

What are the symptoms of Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy?

The most common symptom of Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy is recurrent corneal erosions, which can cause pain, redness, tearing, and blurred vision. Other symptoms may include recurrent corneal ulcers, recurrent corneal infiltrates, and corneal scarring. In some cases, the condition may also cause recurrent conjunctivitis and/or recurrent blepharitis.

What are the causes of Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy?

Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD) is an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the TGFBI gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI). Mutations in this gene can cause the protein to be abnormally shaped or not produced at all, leading to the development of EBMD. Other causes of EBMD include environmental factors, such as exposure to ultraviolet light, and certain medications.

What are the treatments for Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy?

1. Topical lubricants: Artificial tears, gels, and ointments can help to reduce dryness and irritation.

2. Corticosteroid eye drops: These can reduce inflammation and help to improve vision.

3. Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK): This procedure uses a laser to remove the abnormal epithelial cells and improve vision.

4. Corneal transplant: In severe cases, a corneal transplant may be necessary to restore vision.

5. Oral medications: Certain medications, such as tetracycline, may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and improve vision.

What are the risk factors for Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy?

1. Genetic predisposition: Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy is an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the genes COL17A1 and/or BIGH3.

2. Age: The condition is more common in adults, especially those over the age of 40.

3. Gender: Women are more likely to be affected than men.

4. Sun exposure: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun can increase the risk of developing the condition.

5. Certain medications: Certain medications, such as isotretinoin, can increase the risk of developing epithelial basement membrane dystrophy.

Is there a cure/medications for Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy?

There is no cure for Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy, but there are medications that can help manage the symptoms. These include topical lubricants, artificial tears, and anti-inflammatory medications. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to improve vision.