About Cyclic Neutropenia
What is Cyclic Neutropenia?
Cyclic neutropenia is a rare disorder in which a person's neutrophil count (a type of white blood cell) fluctuates between high and low levels over a period of time. The cycle typically lasts 21 days, with the neutrophil count dropping to its lowest level on day 7 and then gradually increasing until it reaches its highest level on day 21. People with cyclic neutropenia are at an increased risk of developing infections due to the low levels of neutrophils. Treatment typically involves medications to boost the neutrophil count and antibiotics to prevent and treat infections.
What are the symptoms of Cyclic Neutropenia?
The main symptom of cyclic neutropenia is recurrent episodes of low neutrophil counts, which can lead to recurrent infections. Other symptoms may include fever, fatigue, mouth sores, skin rashes, and swollen lymph nodes.
What are the causes of Cyclic Neutropenia?
The exact cause of cyclic neutropenia is unknown. It is believed to be an inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the ELANE gene. This gene is responsible for producing a protein called neutrophil elastase, which is important for the development and function of neutrophils. Mutations in this gene can lead to a decrease in the production of neutrophil elastase, resulting in cyclic neutropenia.
What are the treatments for Cyclic Neutropenia?
The main treatment for Cyclic Neutropenia is the use of G-CSF (Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor). G-CSF is a medication that stimulates the production of neutrophils, which are a type of white blood cell. Other treatments may include antibiotics to prevent infections, and transfusions of red blood cells or platelets to replace those that are lost. In some cases, bone marrow transplantation may be recommended.
What are the risk factors for Cyclic Neutropenia?
1. Genetic mutation in the ELANE gene
2. Family history of Cyclic Neutropenia
3. Exposure to certain medications or toxins
4. Certain infections
5. Certain autoimmune diseases
6. Certain types of cancer
Is there a cure/medications for Cyclic Neutropenia?
Yes, there are medications available to treat Cyclic Neutropenia. The most commonly used medications are G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor) and cyclosporine. G-CSF helps to stimulate the production of neutrophils, while cyclosporine helps to reduce the severity of the neutropenia. In some cases, other medications such as antibiotics may be prescribed to help prevent infections.