Congenital primary megaureter is a rare condition in which the ureter (the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder) is abnormally enlarged. It is usually present at birth and can cause urinary tract infections, kidney damage, and other complications. Treatment typically involves surgery to correct the abnormality.

The main symptom of congenital primary megaureter is difficulty urinating, which can include:

-Painful urination
-Frequent urination
-Inability to completely empty the bladder
-Urinary tract infections
-Blood in the urine
-Enlarged abdomen
-Fever
-Vomiting
-Lethargy
-Poor appetite

The exact cause of congenital primary megaureter is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Possible causes include:

- Abnormal development of the ureter during fetal development
- Abnormalities in the muscles of the ureter
- Abnormalities in the nerves that control the muscles of the ureter
- Abnormalities in the blood vessels that supply the ureter
- Abnormalities in the structure of the ureter
- Abnormalities in the bladder
- Abnormalities in the kidneys
- Infections during pregnancy
- Exposure to certain medications or toxins during pregnancy

1. Open Ureteral Reimplantation: This is a surgical procedure that involves re-implanting the ureter into the bladder. This procedure is usually done in cases where the ureter is blocked or narrowed.

2. Endoscopic Ureteral Reimplantation: This is a minimally invasive procedure that involves using a small camera to guide the surgeon in re-implanting the ureter.

3. Ureteral Stent Placement: This procedure involves placing a small tube (stent) in the ureter to help keep it open and allow urine to flow more freely.

4. Ureteral Dilatation: This procedure involves using a balloon to widen the ureter and allow urine to flow more freely.

5. Antibiotics:

The risk factors for Congenital primary megaureter include:

1. Family history of the condition
2. Maternal diabetes
3. Maternal urinary tract infection
4. Maternal use of certain medications during pregnancy
5. Low birth weight
6. Premature birth
7. Abnormalities of the urinary tract or kidneys
8. Abnormalities of the bladder or urethra
9. Abnormalities of the ureter or ureteral valves

There is no cure for congenital primary megaureter, but medications can be used to help manage the symptoms. These medications include antibiotics to treat any infections, alpha-blockers to relax the bladder muscles, and antispasmodics to reduce spasms in the bladder. Surgery may also be recommended to correct the underlying anatomical defect.