About Complement component 3 deficiency

What is Complement component 3 deficiency?

Complement component 3 deficiency is an inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the C3 gene. It is characterized by recurrent infections, inflammation, and tissue damage due to a weakened immune system. People with this disorder have low levels of complement component 3, which is an important part of the body's immune system. Without enough complement component 3, the body is unable to fight off infections and other foreign invaders.

What are the symptoms of Complement component 3 deficiency?

The symptoms of Complement component 3 deficiency can vary depending on the severity of the deficiency. Common symptoms include recurrent bacterial infections, especially of the skin, lungs, and sinuses; increased risk of autoimmune diseases; and increased risk of inflammation. Other symptoms may include fever, fatigue, joint pain, and abdominal pain.

What are the causes of Complement component 3 deficiency?

Complement component 3 deficiency is caused by mutations in the C3 gene, which is responsible for producing the C3 protein. These mutations can be inherited from a parent or can occur spontaneously. Other causes of C3 deficiency include autoimmune diseases, infections, and certain medications.

What are the treatments for Complement component 3 deficiency?

1. Plasma exchange: This involves removing the patient's plasma and replacing it with donor plasma or a plasma substitute.

2. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG): This involves giving the patient intravenous infusions of immunoglobulins, which are proteins that help the body fight infection.

3. Antibiotics: Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat any infections that may be present.

4. Nutritional support: Patients may need to be given nutritional supplements to help them maintain their health.

5. Vaccinations: Vaccinations may be recommended to help protect the patient from infections.

What are the risk factors for Complement component 3 deficiency?

1. Inherited genetic mutations: Complement component 3 deficiency is caused by inherited genetic mutations in the C3 gene.

2. Family history: Individuals with a family history of complement component 3 deficiency are at an increased risk of developing the condition.

3. Age: Complement component 3 deficiency is more common in older individuals.

4. Ethnicity: Complement component 3 deficiency is more common in individuals of African, Asian, and Hispanic descent.

Is there a cure/medications for Complement component 3 deficiency?

At this time, there is no known cure for Complement component 3 deficiency. However, medications such as corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, and plasma exchange may be used to help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of infection.