Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare form of pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the lungs) caused by the presence of chronic, or long-term, blood clots in the pulmonary arteries. These clots can block the flow of blood from the heart to the lungs, leading to an increase in pressure in the pulmonary arteries. Symptoms of CTEPH include shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, and dizziness. Treatment for CTEPH typically involves surgery to remove the clots and restore normal blood flow.

The most common symptoms of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) include:

-Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity
-Fatigue
-Chest pain
-Lightheadedness or dizziness
-Swelling in the ankles, feet, and legs
-Bluish tint to the skin (cyanosis)
-Rapid heartbeat
-Loss of appetite
-Coughing up blood
-Heart palpitations

1. Blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary embolism)
2. Chronic inflammation of the pulmonary arteries
3. Congenital heart defects
4. Connective tissue diseases
5. Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
6. Sarcoidosis
7. Pulmonary arterial hypertension
8. Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease
9. Pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases
10. Pulmonary hypertension due to chronic hemolytic anemia
11. Pulmonary hypertension due to drugs and toxins
12. Pulmonary hypertension due to other causes

1. Oral medications: These include prostacyclin analogues, endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, and soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators.

2. Inhaled medications: These include prostacyclin analogues and endothelin receptor antagonists.

3. Surgery: Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) is a surgical procedure that removes the clot from the pulmonary arteries.

4. Catheter-based therapies: These include balloon angioplasty, stent placement, and atrial septostomy.

5. Lung transplantation: This is a last resort option for those with severe and advanced disease.

1. Previous pulmonary embolism
2. Previous deep vein thrombosis
3. Congenital heart disease
4. Connective tissue disorders
5. Pulmonary hypertension due to other causes
6. Obesity
7. Smoking
8. Use of certain medications, such as birth control pills
9. Advanced age
10. Family history of pulmonary hypertension

Yes, there are medications available to treat chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). These medications include prostacyclin analogues, endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, and anticoagulants. Additionally, surgery may be recommended to remove the blockages in the pulmonary arteries.