Biliary atresia is a rare, life-threatening condition that affects the liver and bile ducts in infants. It occurs when the bile ducts, which carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder, are either absent or blocked. This causes bile to build up in the liver, leading to liver damage and cirrhosis. Treatment typically involves surgery to create a new pathway for bile to flow from the liver to the small intestine.

The most common symptoms of biliary atresia include:

-Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes)

-Dark urine

-Pale stools

-Itching

-Poor weight gain

-Fever

-Loss of appetite

-Vomiting

-Abdominal swelling

-Enlarged liver

-Enlarged spleen

The exact cause of biliary atresia is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Possible causes include viral infections, toxins, and abnormal development of the bile ducts.

1. Kasai Procedure: This is a surgical procedure that is used to bypass the blocked bile ducts. It involves removing the damaged bile ducts and connecting the liver directly to the small intestine.

2. Liver Transplant: This is a major surgery that involves replacing the damaged liver with a healthy one from a donor.

3. Antibiotics: Antibiotics may be prescribed to help prevent or treat infections.

4. Vitamin K Supplementation: Vitamin K is important for blood clotting and may be prescribed to help prevent bleeding.

5. Dietary Changes: A special diet may be recommended to help reduce the risk of liver damage.

6. Liver Supportive Medications: Medications may be prescribed to help reduce inflammation and protect the liver.

1. Premature birth
2. Low birth weight
3. Family history of biliary atresia
4. Exposure to certain viruses, such as cytomegalovirus, rubella, and herpes simplex virus
5. Exposure to certain medications, such as erythromycin, during pregnancy
6. Exposure to certain environmental toxins, such as pesticides and industrial chemicals

There is no cure for biliary atresia, but medications can be used to help manage the symptoms. These medications include antibiotics to treat infections, medications to reduce inflammation, and medications to reduce itching. In some cases, a liver transplant may be necessary.