Bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria (BPP) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by abnormal development of the brain's outer layer (cortex) in the area around the Sylvian fissure, which is located on the left and right sides of the brain. This disorder is associated with a wide range of neurological and developmental problems, including seizures, intellectual disability, language delays, and motor impairments.

The symptoms of bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria can vary from person to person, but may include:

- Delayed development of motor skills, such as sitting, standing, and walking

- Delayed development of speech and language

- Seizures

- Abnormal muscle tone

- Abnormal movements, such as jerking or writhing

- Intellectual disability

- Difficulty with coordination and balance

- Abnormalities in the structure of the brain, such as an enlarged ventricle or an abnormally shaped brain stem

The exact cause of bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by abnormal development of the brain before birth. Possible causes include genetic mutations, infections, exposure to toxins, and problems with the placenta.

1. Medication: Medications such as anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, and anti-anxiety medications may be prescribed to help manage seizures, muscle spasms, and anxiety.

2. Physical Therapy: Physical therapy can help improve muscle strength, coordination, and balance.

3. Occupational Therapy: Occupational therapy can help improve fine motor skills, such as writing and drawing, as well as activities of daily living.

4. Speech Therapy: Speech therapy can help improve communication skills.

5. Surgery: Surgery may be recommended in some cases to help improve the function of the affected areas of the brain.

6. Dietary Changes: Dietary changes may be recommended to help manage seizures.

1. Maternal diabetes
2. Maternal infection
3. Maternal use of certain medications
4. Maternal alcohol use
5. Maternal smoking
6. Maternal exposure to environmental toxins
7. Genetic mutations
8. Chromosomal abnormalities
9. Low birth weight
10. Premature birth

There is no known cure for bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria. Treatment focuses on managing the symptoms and helping the patient to reach their highest potential. Medications may be prescribed to help with seizures, muscle spasms, and other symptoms. Physical, occupational, and speech therapy may also be recommended to help the patient reach their highest potential.