Benign concentric annular macular dystrophy (BCAMD) is a rare, inherited eye disorder that affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision. It is characterized by the presence of multiple, concentric rings of yellowish-white deposits in the macula, which can cause blurred or distorted central vision. BCAMD is usually diagnosed in adulthood and is not associated with any other medical conditions. Treatment is typically focused on managing symptoms and preserving vision.

The most common symptom of Benign Concentric Annular Macular Dystrophy (BCAMD) is a gradual decrease in central vision. Other symptoms may include:

- Blurred vision

- Difficulty reading

- Difficulty recognizing faces

- Difficulty seeing in low light

- Difficulty adapting to changes in light

- Difficulty seeing colors

- Distorted vision

- A central blind spot in the field of vision

- A ring-shaped pattern of Vision loss in the central field of vision

- A decrease in contrast sensitivity

The exact cause of Benign Concentric Annular Macular Dystrophy (BCAMD) is unknown. However, it is believed to be an inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the PRPH2 gene. This gene is responsible for producing a protein called peripherin-2, which is important for the normal functioning of the retina. Mutations in this gene can lead to the development of BCAMD.

1. Photodynamic therapy (PDT): This is a non-invasive procedure that uses a light-activated drug to destroy abnormal blood vessels in the macula.

2. Laser photocoagulation: This procedure uses a laser to seal off leaking blood vessels in the macula.

3. Vitrectomy: This is a surgical procedure that removes the vitreous gel from the eye and replaces it with a gas bubble.

4. Intravitreal injections: This is a procedure that involves injecting medications directly into the eye to reduce inflammation and improve vision.

5. Nutritional supplements: Taking certain vitamins and minerals may help improve vision in some cases.

6. Low vision aids: These devices can help people with macular dystrophy to make the most of their remaining vision.

1. Age: Benign concentric annular macular dystrophy typically affects individuals between the ages of 20 and 40.

2. Gender: Benign concentric annular macular dystrophy is more common in females than males.

3. Genetics: Benign concentric annular macular dystrophy is an inherited condition, and is caused by mutations in the PRPH2 gene.

4. Ethnicity: Benign concentric annular macular dystrophy is more common in individuals of European descent.

At this time, there is no known cure for Benign Concentric Annular Macular Dystrophy (BCAMD). However, there are medications and treatments available to help manage the symptoms. These include topical anti-inflammatory medications, laser photocoagulation, and photodynamic therapy. Additionally, low-vision aids such as magnifiers and telescopic lenses may be used to help improve vision.