Atrial septal defect, ostium primum type is a congenital heart defect in which there is a hole in the wall (septum) between the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart. This type of defect is caused by a failure of the septum primum to form properly during fetal development. This results in an abnormal opening between the atria, allowing oxygen-rich blood to flow from the left atrium to the right atrium. This can lead to an increased workload on the heart and can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. Treatment for this condition typically involves surgery to close the hole.

The symptoms of Atrial septal defect, ostium primum type can vary depending on the size of the defect. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations, chest pain, and a heart murmur. In some cases, the defect can cause complications such as stroke, heart failure, and pulmonary hypertension.

Atrial septal defect, ostium primum type is caused by a failure of the atrial septum to form properly during fetal development. This can be caused by genetic mutations, environmental factors, or a combination of both. Genetic mutations can include mutations in genes involved in the development of the heart, such as TBX5, GATA4, NKX2-5, and ZIC3. Environmental factors can include maternal smoking, alcohol consumption, and certain medications taken during pregnancy.

1. Surgery: Open-heart surgery is the most common treatment for atrial septal defect, ostium primum type. During the procedure, the surgeon will close the hole in the septum with stitches or a patch.

2. Catheter-Based Procedures: This procedure involves inserting a catheter into a vein in the leg and threading it up to the heart. The catheter is then used to place a device in the hole in the septum to close it.

3. Transcatheter Closure: This procedure is similar to the catheter-based procedure, but instead of placing a device in the hole, a plug is inserted to close it.

4. Medical Management: In some cases, medications may be prescribed to help manage the symptoms of atrial septal defect, ostium primum

1. Family history of congenital heart defects
2. Maternal diabetes
3. Maternal use of certain medications during pregnancy
4. Maternal exposure to certain environmental toxins during pregnancy
5. Maternal age over 35
6. Maternal obesity
7. Maternal alcohol use during pregnancy
8. Maternal smoking during pregnancy
9. Maternal viral infection during pregnancy
10. Chromosomal abnormalities

Yes, there is a cure for atrial septal defect, ostium primum type. The most common treatment is a surgical procedure called an atrial septal defect (ASD) closure. This procedure involves closing the hole in the septum with a patch or device. Medications may also be prescribed to help manage symptoms such as high blood pressure, arrhythmias, and heart failure.