Sternal cleft is a rare congenital defect in which the sternum (breastbone) is not completely closed. It is usually diagnosed at birth and can range from a small gap in the sternum to a complete separation of the two halves of the bone. In some cases, the defect may be associated with other congenital abnormalities. Treatment typically involves surgical repair to close the gap and restore the normal anatomy of the sternum.

The most common symptom of a sternal cleft is a visible gap in the chest area. Other symptoms may include:

-Pain or discomfort in the chest area
-Difficulty breathing
-A feeling of tightness in the chest
-A visible bulge in the chest area
-A visible gap between the ribs
-A visible gap between the sternum and the ribs
-A visible gap between the sternum and the collarbone
-A visible gap between the sternum and the breastbone
-A visible gap between the sternum and the shoulder blades
-A visible gap between the sternum and the spine
-A visible gap between the sternum and the abdomen

Sternal cleft is a rare congenital defect that occurs when the sternum (breastbone) fails to close completely during fetal development. The exact cause of this condition is unknown, but it is believed to be related to genetic factors, environmental factors, or a combination of both. Possible causes include chromosomal abnormalities, maternal diabetes, and exposure to certain medications or toxins during pregnancy.

The treatment for sternal cleft depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, the cleft may close on its own without any treatment. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to close the cleft. Surgery may involve using a combination of sutures, skin grafts, and tissue expanders to close the cleft. In some cases, a prosthetic device may be used to close the cleft. In addition to surgery, physical therapy may be recommended to help strengthen the muscles around the cleft and improve the appearance of the chest.

The risk factors for Sternal cleft include:

1. Genetic predisposition: Sternal cleft is more common in individuals with a family history of the condition.

2. Premature birth: Premature babies are more likely to develop Sternal cleft.

3. Low birth weight: Babies with a low birth weight are more likely to develop Sternal cleft.

4. Maternal smoking: Maternal smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of Sternal cleft.

5. Maternal alcohol consumption: Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy increases the risk of Sternal cleft.

6. Maternal drug use: Maternal drug use during pregnancy increases the risk of Sternal cleft.

Yes, there are treatments available for sternal cleft. Treatment typically involves surgical repair of the cleft, followed by physical therapy to help strengthen the chest muscles. Medications may also be prescribed to help reduce pain and inflammation.