Stargardt disease is a form of macular degeneration that is caused by a genetic mutation. It is an inherited condition that affects the macula, the part of the eye responsible for central vision. Symptoms of Stargardt disease include blurred vision, difficulty seeing in low light, and a blind spot in the center of the field of vision. It is a progressive condition, meaning that it will worsen over time. There is currently no cure for Stargardt disease, but there are treatments available to help slow the progression of the disease.

The most common symptom of Stargardt disease is decreased central vision. Other symptoms may include blurred vision, difficulty seeing in low light, difficulty recognizing faces, difficulty reading, and difficulty adapting to changes in light. Other symptoms may include sensitivity to bright light, difficulty seeing colors, and a blind spot in the center of the visual field.

Stargardt disease is caused by a genetic mutation in the ABCA4 gene. This gene is responsible for producing a protein that helps transport vitamin A from the retina to the cells in the eye. When the gene is mutated, the protein is not produced correctly, leading to a buildup of toxic substances in the retina that can cause vision loss.

Currently, there is no cure for Stargardt disease. However, there are treatments available to help manage the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These treatments include:

1. Low vision aids: These can help improve vision and make everyday tasks easier.

2. Vitamin A supplementation: This can help slow the progression of the disease.

3. Photodynamic therapy: This involves using a light-activated drug to reduce the accumulation of lipofuscin in the retina.

4. Surgery: This can help improve vision in some cases.

5. Gene therapy: This is a new and experimental treatment that is being studied to see if it can help slow the progression of the disease.

The most common risk factor for Stargardt disease is having a family history of the condition. Other risk factors include being of European descent, having a mutation in the ABCA4 gene, and having a mutation in the ELOVL4 gene.

Unfortunately, there is no cure for Stargardt disease. However, there are medications that can help slow the progression of the disease and improve vision. These medications include vitamin A supplements, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Additionally, low vision aids such as magnifiers and telescopic lenses can help improve vision.