Non-immune hydrops fetalis is a condition in which an unborn baby accumulates an excessive amount of fluid in the body, leading to swelling and other complications. It is usually caused by a genetic disorder, infection, or other medical condition. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, but may include medications, surgery, or other interventions.

The symptoms of Non-immune hydrops fetalis include:

-Enlarged abdomen
-Enlarged liver and spleen
-Fluid accumulation in the chest and abdomen
-Low birth weight
-Heart failure
-Respiratory distress
-Anemia
-Jaundice
-Low platelet count
-Abnormalities of the skin, eyes, and other organs

The causes of Non-immune hydrops fetalis can be divided into two categories: structural and non-structural. Structural causes include congenital heart defects, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, and congenital anomalies of the lymphatic system. Non-structural causes include infections (such as cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, and rubella), chromosomal abnormalities (such as trisomy 13, 18, and 21), and metabolic disorders (such as hemolytic anemia and thalassemia).

1. Exchange transfusion: This procedure involves removing the baby's blood and replacing it with donor blood.

2. Intrauterine transfusion: This procedure involves transfusing donor blood directly into the baby's umbilical cord.

3. Fetal surgery: This procedure involves surgically draining the excess fluid from the baby's abdomen.

4. Fetal laser ablation: This procedure involves using a laser to destroy the abnormal blood vessels that are causing the fluid buildup.

5. Fetal blood transfusion: This procedure involves transfusing donor blood directly into the baby's umbilical cord.

6. Fetal stem cell transplantation: This procedure involves transplanting stem cells from a donor into the baby's umbilical cord.

7. Fetal dialysis: This procedure involves using a machine to

1. Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus
2. Infections such as rubella, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, and syphilis
3. Chromosomal abnormalities such as trisomy 13, 18, and 21
4. Abnormalities of the heart, lungs, or other organs
5. Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
6. Maternal diabetes
7. Maternal autoimmune disorders
8. Maternal use of certain medications, such as ACE inhibitors or lithium
9. Maternal drug or alcohol use
10. Maternal age over 35

Unfortunately, there is no cure for non-immune hydrops fetalis. Treatment is focused on managing the symptoms and providing supportive care. This may include medications to help with breathing, nutrition, and other supportive measures. In some cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary.